وَعَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «يَمِينُكَ عَلَى مَا يُصَدِّقُكَ عَلَيْهِ صَاحبك» . رَوَاهُ مُسلم
He reported God’s Messenger as saying, “Your oath should be about something regarding which your companion will believe you.” Muslim transmitted it.
وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَأَى شَيْخًا يُهَادَى بَيْنَ ابْنَيْهِ فَقَالَ: «مَا بَالُ هَذَا؟» قَالُوا: نَذَرَ أَنْ يَمْشِيَ إِلَى بَيت الله قَالَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى عَنْ تَعْذِيبِ هَذَا نَفسه لَغَنِيّ» . وَأمره أَن يركب. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لِمُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: «ارْكَبْ أَيُّهَا الشَّيْخُ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ غَنِيٌّ عَنْكَ وَعَن نذرك»
Anas said that the Prophet saw an old man being supported between his sons, and on asking what was the matter with him and being told that he had taken a vow to walk,* he said, “God most high has no need that this man should punish himself,” and he ordered him to ride. In a version by Muslim on Abu Huraira’s authority he said, “Ride, old man, for God is not in need of you and your vow.” * Mirqat , iii, 565 explains this as a vow to walk to the Ka’ba. (Bukhari and Muslim).
وَعَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «الْيَمِينُ عَلَى نِيَّةِ الْمُسْتَحْلِفِ» . رَوَاهُ مُسلم
He reported God’s Messenger as saying, “An oath is to be interpreted according to the intention of the one who takes it.” Muslim transmitted it.
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: أَنَّ سَعْدَ بن عبَادَة رَضِي الله عَنْهُم اسْتَفْتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي نَذْرٍ كَانَ عَلَى أُمِّهِ فَتُوُفِّيَتْ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَقْضِيَهُ فَأَفْتَاهُ أَنْ يَقْضِيَهُ عَنْهَا
Ibn ‘Abbas told that Sa’d b. ‘Ubada asked the Prophet for a decision about a vow taken by his mother who had died before fulfilling it, and that he gave decision that he should fulfil it on her behalf. (Bukhari and Muslim.)
عَن عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: أُنْزِلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ: (لَا يُؤَاخِذُكُمُ اللَّهُ بِاللَّغْوِ فِي أَيْمَانِكُمْ) فِي قَوْلِ الرَّجُلِ: لَا وَاللَّهِ وَبَلَى وَاللَّهِ. رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ وَفِي شَرْحِ السُّنَّةِ لَفْظُ الْمَصَابِيحِ وَقَالَ: رَفَعَهُ بَعْضُهُمْ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنهُ
‘A’isha said that the verse, “God will not take you to account for what is futile in your oaths” (Al-Qu’ran 2:225; 5:89) was sent down about such phrases as “No, by God,” and “Yes, by God.” Bukhari transmitted it. Sharh as-sunna has the wording of al-Masabih , saying that some transmitters traced it back to the Prophet on ‘A’isha’s authority.
وَعَنْ كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ مِنْ تَوْبَتِي أَنْ أَنْخَلِعَ مِنْ مَالِي صَدَقَةً إِلَى اللَّهِ وَإِلَى رَسُولِهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «أَمْسِكْ بَعْضَ مَالِكَ فَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لَكَ» . قُلْتُ: فَإِنِّي أُمْسِكُ سَهْمِي الَّذِي بِخَيْبَر. وَهَذَا طرف من حَدِيث مطول
Ka’b b. Malik told that he said, “Messenger of God, to make my repentance complete* I should divest myself of my property as sadaqa for God and His Messenger.” God’s Messenger replied, “Retain some of your property, for that will be better for you.” So he said he would retain the portion he had at Khaibar. (Bukhari and Muslim.) This is part of a long tradition. * Mirqat , iii, 566 refers this to his withdrawal from the expedition to Tabuk without a valid reason. Pt. 10
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا تَحْلِفُوا بِآبَائِكُمْ وَلَا بِأُمَّهَاتِكُمْ وَلَا بِالْأَنْدَادِ وَلَا تَحْلِفُوا بِاللَّهِ إِلَّا وَأَنْتُمْ صَادِقُونَ» . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ
Abu Huraira reported God’s Messenger as saying, “Do not swear by your fathers, or by your mothers, or by rivals (Cf. Al-Qur’an 2:22 etc. The reference is to idols or false gods) to God; and swear by God only when you are speaking the truth.” Abu Dawud and Nasa’i transmitted it.
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا نَذْرَ فِي مَعْصِيَةٍ وَكَفَّارَتُهُ كَفَّارَةُ الْيَمِينِ» . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالتِّرْمِذِيُّ وَالنَّسَائِيّ
‘A’isha reported God’s Messenger as saying, “No vow must be taken to do an act of disobedience, and the atonement for it is the same as for an oath.” Abu Dawud, Tirmidhi and Nasa’i transmitted it.
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «مَنْ حَلَفَ بِغَيْرِ اللَّهِ فَقَدْ أَشْرَكَ» . رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيّ
Ibn Umar told that he heard God’s Messenger say, “He who swears by anyone but God is a polytheist.” Tirmidhi transmitted it.
وَعَنْ بُرَيْدَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ حَلَفَ بِالْأَمَانَةِ فَلَيْسَ منا» . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد
Buraida reported God’s Messenger as saying, “He who swears by faithfulness* is not one of our number.” Abu Dawud transmitted it. * Amana . It is held that the objection is due to the fact that the word is not the name of one of God’s attributes, but merely one of the duties prescribed to mankind. It is an unsuitable word because its use suggests that it is being equated with one of God’s attributes.