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  • Mishkat al-Masabih 12 Inheritance and Wills كتاب الفرائض والوصايا 32


    mishkat 12 Inheritance and Wills كتاب الفرائض والوصايا 32

    وَعَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ فِي خُطْبَتِهِ عَامَ حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ: «إِنِ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَعْطَى كُلَّ ذِي حَقٍّ حَقَّهُ فَلَا وَصِيَّةَ لِوَارِثٍ» . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَابْنُ مَاجَهْ وَزَادَ التِّرْمِذِيُّ: «الْوَلَدُ لِلْفَرَاشِ وَلِلْعَاهِرِ الْحَجَرُ وَحِسَابُهُمْ عَلَى اللَّهِ»

    Abu Umama told of hearing God’s Messenger say in his sermon in the year of the Farewell Pilgrimage, “God has appointed for everyone who has a right what is due to him, and no legacy must be made to an heir.” Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah transmitted it. Tirmidhi added: “The child is attributed to the mother’s husband, but the adulterer gets nothing, and their reckoning is in God’s hands.”

    Reference : Mishkat al-Masabih 3073 In-book reference : Book 12, Hadith 32:

  • Mishkat al-Masabih 12 Inheritance and Wills كتاب الفرائض والوصايا 31


    mishkat 12 Inheritance and Wills كتاب الفرائض والوصايا 31

    عَن سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ قَالَ: عَادَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَنَا مَرِيضٌ فَقَالَ: «أَوْصَيْتَ؟» قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ قَالَ: «بِكَمْ؟» قُلْتُ: بِمَالِي كُلِّهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ. قَالَ: «فَمَا تَرَكْتَ لِوَلَدِكَ؟» قُلْتُ: هُمْ أَغْنِيَاءُ بِخَيْرٍ. فَقَالَ: «أوص بالعشر» فَمَا زَالَت أُنَاقِصُهُ حَتَّى قَالَ: «أَوْصِ بِالثُّلُثِ وَالثُّلُثُ كَثِيرٌ» . رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيّ

    Sa’d b. Abu Waqqas said: God’s Messenger visited me when I was ill and asked whether I had made my will. I replied that I had. He asked how much I had willed and when I told him I had willed all my property away to be devoted to God’s path he asked how much I had left my children. I replied that they were rich and prosperous, whereupon he told me to will away a tenth ; but I kept on telling him it was too little till he finally said, “Will away a third, but a third is a lot.” Tirmidhi transmitted it.

    Reference : Mishkat al-Masabih 3072 In-book reference : Book 12, Hadith 31:

  • Mishkat al-Masabih 12 Inheritance and Wills كتاب الفرائض والوصايا 30


    mishkat 12 Inheritance and Wills كتاب الفرائض والوصايا 30

    وَعَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ قَالَ: مَرِضْتُ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ مَرَضًا أَشْفَيْتُ عَلَى الْمَوْتِ فَأَتَانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَعُودُنِي فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ: إِنَّ لِي مَالًا كَثِيرًا وَلَيْسَ يَرِثُنِي إِلَّا ابْنَتِي أَفَأُوصِي بِمَالِي كُلِّهِ؟ قَالَ: «لَا» قُلْتُ: فَثُلُثَيْ مَالِي؟ قَالَ: «لَا» قُلْتُ: فَالشَّطْرِ؟ قَالَ: «لَا» قُلْتُ: فَالثُّلُثِ؟ قَالَ: «الثُّلُثُ وَالثُّلُثُ كَثِيرٌ إِنَّكَ إِنْ تَذَرْ وَرَثَتَكَ أَغْنِيَاءَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ تَذَرَهُمْ عَالَةً يَتَكَفَّفُونَ النَّاسَ وَإِنَّكَ لَنْ تُنْفِقَ نَفَقَةً تَبْتَغِي بِهَا وَجْهَ اللَّهِ إِلَّا أُجِرْتَ بِهَا حَتَّى اللُّقْمَةَ تَرْفَعُهَا إِلَى فِي امْرَأَتِكَ»

    Sa‘d b. Abu Waqqas said : During an illness which brought me near to death in the year of the Conquest God’s Messenger came to visit me and I said, “Messenger of God, I have a large amount of property and my daughter is my only heir. Shall I will away all my property ?” He replied, ‘No” I suggested two-thirds, but he objected, then a half, but he still objected. When I suggested a third he replied, “You may will away a third, but that is a lot*. To leave your heirs rich is better than to leave them poor and begging from people. You will not spend anything, seeking thereby to please God, without being rewarded for it, even the mouthful you give your wife.” *While this tradition tells that the Prophet gave permission for a man to will away a third of his estate to some person or purpose other than the heirs, it indicates that be thought it would be better not to will away so much. (Bukhari and Muslim.)

    Reference : Mishkat al-Masabih 3071 In-book reference : Book 12, Hadith 30:

  • Mishkat al-Masabih 12 Inheritance and Wills كتاب الفرائض والوصايا 29


    mishkat 12 Inheritance and Wills كتاب الفرائض والوصايا 29

    عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَا حَقُّ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ لَهُ شَيْءٌ يُوصَى فِيهِ يَبِيتُ لَيْلَتَيْنِ إِلَّا وَوَصِيَّة مَكْتُوبَة عِنْده»

    Wills. Ibn ‘Umar reported God’s Messenger as saying, “It is the duty of a Muslim man who has something which is to be given as a bequest not to have it for two nights without having his will written regarding it.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)

    Reference : Mishkat al-Masabih 3070 In-book reference : Book 12, Hadith 29:

  • Mishkat al-Masabih 12 Inheritance and Wills كتاب الفرائض والوصايا 28


    mishkat 12 Inheritance and Wills كتاب الفرائض والوصايا 28

    وَعَنْ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: تَعَلَّمُوا الْفَرَائِضَ وَزَادَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ: وَالطَّلَاقَ وَالْحَجَّ قَالَا: فَإِنَّهُ من دينكُمْ. رَوَاهُ الدَّارمِيّ

    ‘Umar said, “Learn the rules of inheritance,” Ibn Mas’ud adding, “of divorce and of the pilgrimage,” and both saying, “for it pertains to your religion.” Darimi transmitted it.

    Reference : Mishkat al-Masabih 3069 In-book reference : Book 12, Hadith 28:

  • Mishkat al-Masabih 12 Inheritance and Wills كتاب الفرائض والوصايا 27


    mishkat 12 Inheritance and Wills كتاب الفرائض والوصايا 27

    وَعَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ حَزْمٍ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَاهُ كَثِيرًا يَقُولُ: كَانَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ يَقُولُ: عَجَبًا لِلْعَمَّةِ تُورَثُ وَلَا تَرث. رَوَاهُ مَالك

    Muhammad b. Abu Bakr b. Hazm said he often heard his father tell that ‘Umar b. al-Khattab used to say, “It is astonishing that one may inherit from a paternal aunt but that she does not inherit.” Malik transmitted it.

    Reference : Mishkat al-Masabih 3068 In-book reference : Book 12, Hadith 27:

  • Mishkat al-Masabih 12 Inheritance and Wills كتاب الفرائض والوصايا 26


    mishkat 12 Inheritance and Wills كتاب الفرائض والوصايا 26

    عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَا كَانَ مِنْ مِيرَاثٍ قُسِّمَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَهُوَ عَلَى قِسْمَةِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَمَا كَانَ مِنْ مِيرَاثٍ أَدْرَكَهُ الْإِسْلَامُ فَهُوَ عَلَى قِسْمَةِ الْإِسْلَامِ» . رَوَاهُ ابْن مَاجَه

    ‘Abdallah b. ‘Umar reported God’s Messenger as saying, “An estate which was divided in the pre-Islamic period following the division in force then, but any estate in Islamic times must follow the division appointed by Islam.” Ibn Majah transmitted it.

    Reference : Mishkat al-Masabih 3067 In-book reference : Book 12, Hadith 26:

  • Mishkat al-Masabih 12 Inheritance and Wills كتاب الفرائض والوصايا 25


    mishkat 12 Inheritance and Wills كتاب الفرائض والوصايا 25

    وَعَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «يَرِثُ الْوَلَاءَ مَنْ يَرِثُ الْمَالَ» . رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَقَالَ: هَذَا حَدِيثٌ إِسْنَادُهُ لَيْسَ بِالْقَوِيِّ

    ‘Amr b. Shu’aib, on his father’s authority, said that his grandfather reported the Prophet as saying, ‘‘He who has the right to inherit property inherits the property of an emancipated slave.” Tirmidhi transmitted it, saying that this is a tradition whose isnad is not strong.

    Reference : Mishkat al-Masabih 3066 In-book reference : Book 12, Hadith 25:

  • Mishkat al-Masabih 12 Inheritance and Wills كتاب الفرائض والوصايا 24


    mishkat 12 Inheritance and Wills كتاب الفرائض والوصايا 24

    وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: أَنَّ رَجُلًا مَاتَ وَلَمْ يَدَعْ وَارِثًا إِلَّا غُلَامًا كَانَ أَعْتَقَهُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «هَلْ لَهُ أَحَدٌ؟» قَالُوا: لَا إِلَّا غُلَامٌ لَهُ كَانَ أَعْتَقَهُ فَجَعَلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِيرَاثَهُ لَهُ. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالتِّرْمِذِيُّ وَابْنُ مَاجَه

    Ibn ‘Abbas said that a man died leaving no heir but a youth whom he had emancipated, and that when the Prophet asked whether he had any heir and was told that he had none but a youth of his whom he had emancipated, he assigned his estate to him. Abu Dawud, Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah transmitted it.

    Reference : Mishkat al-Masabih 3065 In-book reference : Book 12, Hadith 24:

  • Mishkat al-Masabih 12 Inheritance and Wills كتاب الفرائض والوصايا 23


    mishkat 12 Inheritance and Wills كتاب الفرائض والوصايا 23

    وَعَنْ تَمِيمٍ الدَّارِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: مَا السُّنَةُ فِي الرَّجُلِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الشِّرْكِ يُسْلِمُ عَلَى يَدَيْ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ؟ فَقَالَ: «هُوَ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِمَحْيَاهُ وَمَمَاتِهِ» . رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَابْنُ مَاجَهْ وَالدَّارِمِيُّ

    Tamim ad-Dari said he asked God’s Messenger what the sunna was about a polytheist who accepts Islam by the advice and persuasion of a Muslim, and he replied that he was the nearest to him in life and in death. Tirmidhi, Ibn Majah and Darimi transmitted it.

    Reference : Mishkat al-Masabih 3064 In-book reference : Book 12, Hadith 23: